Creepy-crawlies (New Zealand)

Aotearoa New Zealand is full of creepy crawlies, from the bush to your backyard. These include spiders, insects and other invertebrates (animals that don't have backbones). In this entry we will show you how to find information about these creepy crawlies including their habitats, diets, anatomy, lifecycles, conservation and threats.

Types of creepy crawlies

Below is a list of well-known or unique creepy crawlies in New Zealand. If you are looking for an animal that is not on this list, you will still probably find information about it on the websites in this entry.

Daddy longlegs spider: This spider is also known as the cellar spider, and catches its prey in its messy webs.

Jumping spider: The jumping spider is known for its good eyesight. It pounces on its prey to catch it rather than using a web.

Katipo spider: This is the only poisonous New Zealand native spider and can be recognised by the red stripe down its black back.

Tunnelweb spider: This is one of the largest spiders in New Zealand. The tunnel-web spider gets its name from the silk lined tunnels it makes under stones and logs, and eats any insect that gets caught.

White-tailed spider: The Whilte-tailed spider was introduced from Australia. It likes to hide in houses and it has a painful bite!

Cicada: Cicadas live underground for three or more years before coming to the surface. It is only the male cicada that makes the loud noises you hear.

Cockroach: Cockroaches are quick and flightless. They love hanging around wood chips, or damp and dark areas.

Earwig: These bugs are nocturnal and use the pincers on their face to defend themselves.

Huhu beetle: This is a large bush insect that lives for only two weeks as an adult. As a grub, they chew up wood, and the grubs are perfectly edible!

Weta: This flightless New Zealand native is large and spiny, and likes to live in dark, damp places. It looks like a large grasshopper.

Kauri snail: These snails are one of the few giant species of snail in New Zealand and can live up to 20 years. Many are now endangered or threatened.

Powelliphanta snail: This snail is the biggest snail in New Zealand, reaching around 9 cm across. Their shells are a mix of many beautiful colours.

Velvet worm: This worm looks similar to a caterpillar that lives on the forest floor. They are often called 'living fossils'.

General websites

Department of Conservation

The Department of Conservation (DOC for short) is the government website about preserving the natural and historical sites of New Zealand. You can see it’s a government site by looking at the About us or Contact links at the top of the page.

To find information about invertebrates:

• select Nature
• go to Native Animals
• select Invertebrates.

Tips: We like sites that are from government or other reputable organisations, because we can trust the information. You can sometimes tell these sites by their web address – they might have .gov or .edu in their address – or by looking at their About us or Contact pages.

Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand

Te Ara is an excellent starting point for all questions about New Zealand Aotearoa. If we scroll down to the bottom of the page we can see that the website belongs to the Ministry for Culture & Heritage, so the information is well-researched and reliable.

To search this site:

• Scroll down to Sections.
• Select The Bush.
• Go to Insects and Other Invertebrates.

Tips: Like DOC, this website also has a .govt in their address which means they are from a government organisation, so the information will be reliable.

Manaaki Whenua: Landcare Research

Landcare Research is a Crown Research Institute website. On this website you will find information about New Zealand's ecosystems. This includes pages about all kinds of creepy crawlies.

To search the website:

• Enter your keywords eg 'insects and spiders' into the search bar, in the top right corner.
• This will bring up a range of results related to creepy crawlies, like this page on Insects.

Tips: Search words, or keywords, are the most important words in our question. Usually it’s better to leave out small words like ‘the’, ‘a’ and ‘of’ and just choose the main ones, eg [creepy crawlies]. We can always change our keywords or add more if we need to.

Museum of New Zealand: Te Papa Collections

Collections Online has information on almost 800,000 artworks, objects and specimens from Te Papa’s collections. There’s also a wealth of information on related people, places, topics, species and research from Te Papa.

To search the website:

• Enter your keywords eg 'spiders' into the search bar at the top of the page.
• This will bring up a range of results such as this page on Spiders.
• To make it easier to look through the results, select the sub-group 'Topic' under the Type filter on the left hand side.

Books

There are lots of books about creepy crawlies and where to find them - check out your local public or school library to see what they have.

Some recommended titles:

All about New Zealand insects and other creepy-crawlies by Dave Gunson.

Which New Zealand insect? : with over 650 life-size photos of New Zealand insects by Andrew Crowe.

SCIS no: 1870179